Chemical Name: Levulinic acid

CAS Registry Number: 123-76-2

Synonyms: 3-Acetylpropionic acid; γ-Ketovaleric acid; Laevulic

acid; Laevulinic acid; γ-Oxopentanoic acid; 4-Oxovaleric acid;

Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-; Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo; 4-Ketovaleric acid; 4-

Oxopentanoic acid; Levulinic acid

Molecular Formula: C₅H₈O₃

Molecular Weight: 116.11

Although specific information regarding the possible impurities of the ingredient was not available, Levulinic Acid is approved by the FDA as a food additive, and food-grade Levulinic Acid is produced at no lower than 97 % purity. Considering the low reported use concentrations in cosmetics, that exposure from food would result in much larger systemic exposures than what is possible from cosmetic use, and the low likelihood that these ingredients would.